Furnace Engineering
Furnaces
The engineering of HORN includes all drawings, material lists and data sheets required for purchasing of refractory material or manufacturing of the steel works.
Refractory Drawings: HORN provides the engineering for refractory material for its customers.
Steel Drawings: HORN provides its customers with the engineering for steel construction.
END FIRED FURNACE
Due to its high flexibility and low energy consumption, the regenerative end fired furnace is the type of furnace mostly used for container glass, table ware, cosmetic glass, pharmaceutical glass, sheet glass, solar glass, sodium-silicate glass, tubing and lighting glass. Its melting range is normally from 50 – 400 t/d. HORN also designs furnaces with 635 t/d.
CROSS FIRED FURNACE
Similar to the end fired furnace, the regenerative cross fired furnace provides low energy consumption and high flexibility in terms of pull change. However, this type of furnace can be built with bigger melting areas due to the shorter flame length compared to the end fired furnace. Therefore the cross fired furnace is normally used for furnaces with high capacity or where the existing building does not allow for an end fired furnace.
The furnace can be used for container glass, table ware, cosmetic glass, pharmaceutical glass, sheet glass, solar glass, sodium-silicate glass, tubing and lighting glass.
RECUPERATIVE FURNACE
The recuperative heated furnace is characterised by the preheating of the combustion air through recuperators. These recuperators are normally made of steel and may be double shell or tube bundle type recuperators. Specially developed air casing burners are used in this type of furnace to ensure an equal distribution of the combustion air around the burner lances.
The furnace can be designed as cross fired or end fired type. At the end fired type system the waste gas outlet opening is located above the burners in order to have the flame in a shape of a horizontal standing “U”. At the cross fired type the waste gas opening can be situated at the front wall as well as at the side wall.
The recuperative furnaces are normally used for glass melting between 4 – 60 t/d, in some special cases also up to 400 t/d. Typical for this type of furnace is the low melting area load and low investment.
Recuperative furnaces are typically used for the production of container glass, table ware, lead crystal glass, sodium-silicate glass, fibre glass, tubes and bulbs.
OXY FUEL FURNACE
Oxy-fuel furnaces are designed as cross fired unit-melter furnaces whereby the oxidant for the fuel combustion is the oxygen. The biggest advantage is the low energy consumption due to the absence of the nitrogen at the combustion process.
A complete oxy-fuel furnace is approximately 35% cheaper in comparison to a cross-heated regenerative furnace, approximately 15-20% cheaper in comparison to an end fired furnace, and approximately 25-30% cheaper in comparison to a recuperativ furnace.
FULL ELECTRICAL FURNACE
Full electrical furnaces, cold top furnaces, are normally used for production ranges of 5- 50 t/d. In these furnaces the energy input is not done by means of fossil energy, but exclusively by means of electrical energy through electrodes. Rod electrodes with specially developed water-cooled electrode holders, top electrodes or block electrodes can be used.
The electrodes can also be arranged in the bottom of the tank or in the basin side walls. The suitable location and wiring of the electrodes lead to diminished corrosion of the refractories and a longer furnace lifespan. The batch is charged by a cold top batch charger through an open sidewall of the furnace superstructure directly onto the glass bath, forming a homogenous and even batch layer. The melting, refining and homogenization processes take place vertically in the cold top melter.
HORN full electric furnaces are typically used in the production of table ware, fibre glass or special glass (e.g. Opal).
FLOAT GLASS FURNACE
Float glass manufacturing is not like the manufacturing of commodities like steel or plastic. Each of the production processes requires raw materials to be weighed, mixed, melted at high temperatures, formed into continuous ribbons, cooled and cut into a size that fits its use.
The melting furnace consists of refractory bricks and special shapes, support and binding steel, insulation, a fossil fuel firing system, temperature sensors and a computerized process control system. The furnace is carefully designed to meet the plant's specific gross daily glass production tonnage goals.
The insulation, special airflow features, and combustion air heating enable the furnace to operate at maximum fuel efficiency with negligible pollutant emissions. The furnace is sized and designed to provide high quality glass with the smallest amount of energy per ton of glass melted.
The float glass furnace can be operated with natural gas, LPG, biogas and oil. Additionally there is the possibility to install specially developed melting assistant devices like electrical boosting or bubbling systems.
Industries:
- Fiber Glass
- Flat Glass
- Special Glass
- Hollow Glass
- Tableware Glass
Brand: http://www.hornglass.de
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